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geodetic surveying - ترجمة إلى الروسية
SCIENCE OF THE GEOMETRIC SHAPE, ORIENTATION IN SPACE, AND GRAVITATIONAL FIELD OF EARTH
Geodetics; Erdmessung; Geodetic; Surveyors' tools; Geodetic surveying; Geodetic line; Geodetic Science; Geodosy; Geodetic and Geomatic Engineering; Geodetic Engineering; Geodetic survey; Geodesist engineer; Geodesist Engineer; Geodesey; Geodetics engineering; Geodetic station; Engineering geodesy; Geodetic science; Heights in geodesy; Geodetic engineering; Geodetic surveyor; Geodesists; Geomensuration
![Navigation]] device, [[Apollo program]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Apollo IMU at Draper Hack the Moon exhibit.agr.jpg?width=200 "Navigation]] device, [[Apollo program]]")
![Axial tilt (or [[Obliquity]]), rotation axis, plane of [[orbit]], [[celestial equator]] and [[ecliptic]]. [[Earth]] is shown as viewed from the [[Sun]]; the orbit direction is counter-clockwise (to the left).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/AxialTiltObliquity.png?width=200 "Axial tilt (or [[Obliquity]]), rotation axis, plane of [[orbit]], [[celestial equator]] and [[ecliptic]]. [[Earth]] is shown as viewed from the [[Sun]]; the orbit direction is counter-clockwise (to the left).")
![Datum Shift Between [[NAD27]] and [[NAD83]], in metres.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Datum Shift Between NAD27 and NAD83.png?width=200 "Datum Shift Between [[NAD27]] and [[NAD83]], in metres.")
![[[GPS]] Block IIA satellite orbits over the [[Earth]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GPS satellite approaching 23 years on orbit (1060259).jpeg?width=200 "[[GPS]] Block IIA satellite orbits over the [[Earth]]")
![Variations in the gravity field of the [[Moon]], from [[NASA]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/GRAIL's gravity map of the moon.jpg?width=200 "Variations in the gravity field of the [[Moon]], from [[NASA]]")
![satellites]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Geodetic survey instruments 02.jpg?width=200 "satellites]]")
![[[Geoid]], an approximation for the shape of the [[Earth]]; shown here with [[vertical exaggeration]] (10000 vertical scaling factor).](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Geoid undulation 10k scale.jpg?width=200 "[[Geoid]], an approximation for the shape of the [[Earth]]; shown here with [[vertical exaggeration]] (10000 vertical scaling factor).")
![Global [[gravity anomaly]] animation over oceans from the NASA's GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment)](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Global Gravity Anomaly Animation over OCEANS.gif?width=200 "Global [[gravity anomaly]] animation over oceans from the NASA's GRACE (Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment)")
 and absolute (right) - National Museum of Nature and Science, Tokyo - DSC07808.JPG?width=200 "Gravity measurement devices, pendulum (left) and absolute gravimeter (right)")
![How [[Very-long-baseline interferometry]] (VLBI) works](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/How VLBI Works.gif?width=200 "How [[Very-long-baseline interferometry]] (VLBI) works")
![A [[Munich]] archive with [[lithography]] plates of maps of [[Bavaria]]](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Litography archive of the Bayerisches Vermessungsamt.jpg?width=200 "A [[Munich]] archive with [[lithography]] plates of maps of [[Bavaria]]")
![[[Ellipsoid]] - a mathematical representation of the [[Earth]]. When mapping in geodetic coordinates, a latitude circle forms a truncated cone.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Surface of latitude ellipsoid cone.gif?width=200 "[[Ellipsoid]] - a mathematical representation of the [[Earth]]. When mapping in geodetic coordinates, a latitude circle forms a truncated cone.")
geodetic surveying
общая лексика
геодезическая съемка
строительное дело
высшая геодезия
geodetic surveying
геодезическая съёмка; межевание
geodetic surveying
высшая геодезия
تعريف
Surveyor
·noun One who surveys or measures land; one who practices the art of surveying.
II. Surveyor ·noun One placed to superintend others; an overseer; an Inspector.
III. Surveyor ·noun An officer who ascertains the contents of casks, and the quantity of liquors subject to duty; a gauger.
IV. Surveyor ·noun One who views and examines for the purpose of ascertaining the condition, quantity, or quality of anything; as, a surveyor of highways, ordnance, ·etc.
V. Surveyor ·noun In the United States, an officer whose duties include the various measures to be taken for ascertaining the quantity, condition, and value of merchandise brought into a port.
ويكيبيديا
Geodesy
Geodesy is the science of measuring and representing the geometry, gravity, and spatial orientation of the Earth in temporally varying 3D. It is called planetary geodesy when studying other astronomical bodies, such as planets or circumplanetary systems.
Geodynamical phenomena, including crustal motion, tides, and polar motion, can be studied by designing global and national control networks, applying space geodesy and terrestrial geodetic techniques, and relying on datums and coordinate systems. The job titles are geodesist and geodetic surveyor.
